Early cystic fibrosis lung disease detected by bronchoalveolar lavage and lung clearance index 01/27/2012 (American Thoracic Society) The lung clearance index is a sensitive noninvasive marker of early lung disease in young children with cystic fibrosis, according to a new study from Australian researchers. Assessment of COPD exacerbation severity with the COPD Assessment Test 01/27/2012 (American Thoracic Society) Exacerbation severity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can be reliably assessed with the COPD Assessment Test, according to a new study from the UK. Researchers show how viruses evolve, and in some cases, become deadly 01/26/2012 (National Science Foundation) Researchers at Michigan State University have demonstrated how a new virus evolves, shedding light on how easy it can be for diseases to gain dangerous mutations. The findings appear in the current issue of the journal Science. Visual nudge improves accuracy of mammogram readings 01/26/2012 (Washington University in St. Louis) False negatives and positives plague the reading of mammograms, limiting their usefulness. Cindy Grimm, a computer scientist at Washington University in St. Louis, and colleagues have shown the accuracy of novice readers can be improved by nudging them visually to follow the scanpath of an expert radiologist. The "nudge" is a brief change in the brightness or warmth in the image in the peripheral field of view. Workplace safety program can reduce injuries if aggressively enforced, study finds 01/26/2012 (RAND Corporation) A longstanding California occupational safety program requiring all businesses to eliminate workplace hazards can help prevent injuries to workers, but only if it is adequately enforced, according to a new study by the RAND Corporation. The California program is one possible model for federal OSHA's current rule-making effort to develop a safety and health program rule. Sharper imaging in glaucoma focus of $1.85 million NIH grant 01/26/2012 (University of Houston) A University of Houston vision scientist has received a $1.85 million grant from the National Institutes of Health to investigate whether his techniques are more effective than others in understanding the earliest changes of glaucoma, which could lead to developing a way to earlier diagnose this potentially blinding disease. Jason Porter uses a state-of-the-art instrument that takes sharper, higher-resolution images of the eye than current clinical instruments. Cell Press launches a new open-access journal, Cell Reports 01/26/2012 (Cell Press) Cell Press reinforces its commitment to provide a broad range of publishing options for the life sciences community with the inaugural issue of a new open-access journal: Cell Reports. Since the announcement in August, after six months of hard work on the part of our authors, reviewers, and editorial board members as well as our own editorial and production teams, the first issue is available online today, Jan. 26, 2011, with eight exciting papers on topics ranging from evolutionary biology to immunology. Multiple births lead to weight gain and other problems for mouse moms and male offspring 01/26/2012 (American Physiological Society) Study in model that mimics human effects of multiparity (giving birth more than once) finds mouse moms who gave birth four times accrued significantly more fat vs. primiparous females (those giving birth once) of similar age. Multiparous moms also had more liver inflammation. Scripps research scientists illuminate cancer cells' survival strategy 01/26/2012 (Scripps Research Institute) A team led by scientists at the Scripps Research Institute has discovered key elements of a strategy commonly used by tumor cells to survive when they spread to distant organs. The finding could lead to drugs that could inhibit this metastasis in patients with tumors. Independent medical device review site Which Medical Device launches new Anaesthetics section 01/26/2012 (SAGE Publications) Which Medical Device, the only online review site to provide independent, expert opinion and reviews of medical devices, have launched a new section devoted to Anaesthetic devices. This joins the three pre-existing sections of Cardiology, Interventional Radiology and Orthopaedics. URMC finds leukemia cells are 'bad to the bone' 01/26/2012 (University of Rochester Medical Center) University of Rochester Medical Center researchers have discovered new links between leukemia cells and cells involved in bone formation, offering a fresh perspective on how the blood cancer progresses and raising the possibility that therapies for bone disorders could help in the treatment of leukemia. Congress told to replace sequestration cuts with alternative to achieve responsible policies 01/26/2012 (American College of Physicians) Congress today was told to replace the $1.2 trillion in across-the-board sequestration-mandated budget cuts. The request was made by Virginia L. Hood, MBBS, MPH, FACP, president of the American College of Physicians, at today's annual State of the Nation's Health Care briefing. She declared that what is needed is an alternative framework to achieve fiscally and socially responsible policies to gain health care savings while preserving funding for critical programs. Survival rates for pediatric bone marrow transplants top in nation 01/26/2012 (University of California - San Francisco) The UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital has the best overall survival rates in the nation for bone marrow transplants, according to a recent independent review of 156 programs nationwide. Rap music powers rhythmic action of medical sensor 01/26/2012 (Purdue University) The driving bass rhythm of rap music can be harnessed to power a new type of miniature medical sensor designed to be implanted in the body. Georgetown Lombardi researchers present new findings on head & neck cancers 01/26/2012 (Georgetown University Medical Center) Georgetown researchers are examining a hypothesis about whether HPV+ patients with a head and neck cancer should receive more or less chemotherapy. In a separate study, researchers are studying an unusual occurrence linked to head and neck tumors involving metastasis in the axillary nodes. Research finds newer radiation therapy technology improves patients' quality of life 01/26/2012 (University of California - Davis Health System) Patients with head and neck cancers who have been treated with newer, more sophisticated radiation therapy technology enjoy a better quality of life than those treated with older radiation therapy equipment, a study by UC Davis researchers has found. Scottish medical charity and international drug consortium form partnership 01/26/2012 (University of North Carolina School of Medicine) Developing World Health, a leading medical charity based in Stirlingshire, Scotland, and committed to developing effective treatments for neglected tropical diseases, has signed a collaboration agreement with the internationally respected Consortium for Parasitic Drug Development, based at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. JTCC brings leading experts to present 2011 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium research 01/26/2012 (John Theurer Cancer Center) The Breast Cancer Division of the John Theurer Cancer Center at Hackensack University Medical Center, one of the nation’s top 50 cancer centers, will recap and explain research from the 2011 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium on Friday, Feb. 17 from 7 a.m.-3 p.m. during its ninth annual Northern New Jersey Breast Cancer Conference. Berkeley Lab researchers discover critical rotational motion in cells 01/26/2012 (DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory) Berkeley Lab researchers have discovered a rotational motion that plays a critical role in the ability of breast cells to form the spherical structures in the mammary gland known as acini. This rotation, called "CAMo," for coherent angular motion, is necessary for the cells to form spheres. Otherwise, cells undergo random motion, leading to loss of structure and malignancy. UNH research: US hospitality industry often reluctant to hire people with disabilities 01/26/2012 (University of New Hampshire) People with disabilities trying to find employment in the US hospitality industry face employers who are often reluctant to hire them because of preconceived notions that they cannot do the job and that they are more costly to employ that people without disabilities, according to new research from the University of New Hampshire. What are friends for? Negating negativity 01/26/2012 (Concordia University) "Stand by me" is a common refrain when it comes to friendship but new research from Concordia University proves that the concept goes beyond pop music: keeping friends close has real physiological and psychological benefits. NIH study shows caffeine consumption linked to estrogen changes 01/26/2012 (NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development) Asian women who consumed an average of 200 milligrams or more of caffeine a day -- the equivalent of roughly two cups of coffee -- had elevated estrogen levels when compared to women who consumed less, according to a study of reproductive age women by researchers at the National Institutes of Health and other institutions. Mass. Eye and Ear awarded $150,000 grant from Research to Prevent Blindness 01/26/2012 (Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary) Research to Prevent Blindness has granted Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary cornea specialist James Chodosh, M.D., M.P.H., a $150,000 Senior Scientific Investigator Award. RPB Senior Scientific Investigator Awards support nationally recognized scientists conducting eye research at medical institutions in the United States. New Queen's University research sheds light on gene destruction linked to aggressive prostate cancer 01/26/2012 (Queen's University) Researchers at Queen's University in Kingston, Canada have identified a possible cause for the loss of a tumor suppressor gene that can lead to the development of more aggressive forms of prostate cancer. NIH launches trials to evaluate CPR and drugs after sudden cardiac arrest 01/26/2012 (NIH/National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute) The National Institutes of Health has launched two multi-site clinical trials to evaluate treatments for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. 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